E-nglish Idioms

by Hugh M. Lewis

 

Idiomatic expressions are common in all languages, and they abound in English. Idiomatic expressions often do not follow the normal rule structures governing English usage or grammar--they are relatively fixed and stereotypical expressions that must be learned individually through usage. What follows is a list of common idioms found in either American or British English. They are a kind of chunking of meaning in English that facilitates expression and speech among native speakers, but can provide a barrier to communication with non-native speakers.

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A

 A (little) bird told me.

Abide by (something)

Able to breathe (freely, easily)

Able to do (something) blindfolded

Able to do (something) standing on (my, his, her) head

Able to "make" (something, a date, lunch, an event)

Abole to take just so much

Above and beyond (the call of duty)

Above suspicion

Aboveboard

According to Hoyle

According to (one's, his, my) own lights

According to (someone, some agency)

Accustomed to (someone, something)

Ace in the hole

Acid test

Acquire (something, a taste for something)

Across the board

Acting for (someone, as someone, on one's behalf)

Act high and might

An act of faith (of God, of Providence)

An act of War

Act one's age

 Act out (acting out)

Act up (acting up)

All talk (and no action, and no show)

Active duty

Add (adding) fuel to the fire (flame)

Add (adding) insult to injury

Add up to (something)

Address (someone)

Advanced in years

Afraid of one's (his) own shadow

After a fashion

After all

After everything (all) is said and done

After hours

After the face

After the fashion (of something, someone)

Able to breathe (easily, freely) again

At it again

Against one's (his, its) will

Against the clock


B

Babe in the woods

Back and forth (fill)

Back down (off, out) (from something, someone)

Back East

Back in circulation

Back of beyond (back of the beyond)

Back something (someone) up

Back the wrong horse

Back-to-back

Back to square one

Back to the drawing board

Back to the salt mines

Behind someone's back

Bend (fall) over backwards

Break one's back (to do something)

Break the back of something

Bring home the bacon

Bad blood (between people, factions)

Be off to a bad start

Bag and baggage

Bag of tricks

Bail out (from something)

Bail someone (him, her) out

Bait and switch

Balance the accounts (books)

Ball (balled) up

Ball and chain

Ball (Great balls) of fire

Behind the eight ball

Beat the band

Bang one's head against a wall (a brick wall)

Bank on something (someone)

Baptism of (by) fire

Bargain for something

Barge in (on something, someone)

Bark (barking) up the wrong tree

Base one's opinion on (something)

Blind as a bat

Batten down the hatches

Battle it (something) out

Bawl someone (him, her) out

Draw a bead on someone (something)

Broad in the beam

Broad based

Bear a grudge

Bear fruit

Bear one's cross

Bear someone (something) in mind

Bear it (something, someone) out

Bear the brunt (of something)

Bear watching

Bear with (someone, something)

Beard the lion in his den

Beat a dead horse

Beat a (hasty, fast) retreat

Beat a path to (someone's door)

Beat about (around) the bush

Beat one's brain (brains) out

Beat one's head against the wall

Beat someone down (to size)

Beat someone to the draw

Beat someone to the punch

Beat (someone) up

Beat up (someone)

Beat it (something) into one's head

Beat the band

Beat the clock

Beat the gun

Beat the living daylights out of (someone, something)

Beat the pants off someone

Beat the rap

Beat the stuffing out of someone

Beat the tar out of someone

Bee in one's bonnet

Becoming (to someone)

Bed-and-breakfast

Bed of roses

Birds and the bees

Busy as a bee

Beef something up

Beer and skittles

Before long

Before you can say Jack Robinson

Before you know it

Beg off (of someone, on something)

Beg (begging) the question

Beg to differ (with someone)

Beggar description

Begin to see daylight (the light)

Beginning of the end

To be behind on (in) something

Behind closed doors

Behind someone's back

Behind the eight ball

Behind the scenes

Behind the times

Burn one's bridges

Belabor the point

Bats in one's belfry

Believe it or not

Bell, book and candle

Belt something out

Below the belt

Bent on (doing) something

Beside the point

Beside the question

Best bib and tucker

Best-laid plans (schemes) of mice and men

Best part of something

Bet one's bottom dollar

Bet one's life

Better late than never

Better off

To be one's better half

Bad blood (between two people)

Between a rock and a hard spot (place)

Between life and death

Between the frying pan and the fire

Between the devil and the deep blue sea

Between you, me and the lamppost

Betwixt and between

Beyond the call of duty

Back of (the) beyond

Beyond a reasonable doubt

Beyond measure

Beyond one's depth

Beyond one's means

Beyond the call of duty

Beyond the pale

Beyond the shadow of a doubt

Byond words

Best bib and tucker

Bid adieu to something (someone)

Bid (something, someone) adieu

Bide one's time

Big and bold

Big as all outdoors

Big as life and twice as ugly

Big frog in a small pond

Big of someone

Bing and purge

Birds and the bees

Bird's-eye view

Birds of a feather flock together

Birthday suit

Bite of more than one can chew

Bite one's nails

Bite one's tongue

Bite one's head off

Bite the bullet

Bite the dust

Bite the hand that feeds one

Bitter pill to swallow

Bitter sweet

Bitter end

Black-and-blue

Black as one is painted

Black as pitch

Black out

Black sheep of the family

Black eye

Blast off

Blazea trail

Bleep somethign out

Blessing in disguise

Blind as a bat

Blind leading the blind

Blood, sweat and tears

Bloody but unbowed

Blow a fuse

Blow a gasket

Blow-by-blow account (description)

Blow hot and cold

Blow off steam

Blow one's cookies

Blow one's cool

Blow one's cork

Blow one's lines

Blow one's lunch

Blow one's own horn

Blow over

Blow someone away

Blow something (someone) off

Blow something (someone) to smithereens

Blow someone's cool

Blow someon's cover

Blow someone's mind

Blow something

Blow something up (out of all proportion)

Blow the lid off (of something)

Blow the whistle (on someone)

Blow up at someone

Blow up in someone's face

Between the devil and the deep blue sea

Blue around the gills

Back to the drawing board

Bog down

Boggle someone's mind

Boil down to somthing

Boil (something) down

Big andbold

Bone of contention

Bone up

Balance the books

Be (like) an open book

Beel, book and candle

By the book

Boot someone out

Bore someone stiff

Bore someone to death

Bored stiff

Bored to death

Born and bred

Born and raised

Born out of wedlock

Born with a silver spoon in one's mouth

Borrow trouble

Boss someone around

Burn the candle at both ends

Bottle something up

Bet one'sbottom dollar

Bottom out

Found and determined

Bound for somewhere

Bound hand and foot

Bout to

By leaps and bounds

Bow and scrape

Bow out (of something)

Bowl someone over

Beat one's brains out

Brain someone

Bread and butter

Bread-and-butter letter

Bread and water

Bed and breakfast

By a hair's breadth

Break a leg

Break camp

Break down

Break even

Break ground

Break it up!

Break off (with someone)

Break one's back (trying to do something)

Break one's neck (doing something)

Break one's word (promise)

Break out

Break (out) in tears

Break something (someone) down

Break something (someone) in

Break something (someone) up

Break someone's fall

Break someone's heart

Break something down (for someone)

Break something to pices

Break something's (someone's) back

Break the bank

Break the ice

Break the news

Break through

Break up (with someone)

Breaking and entering

Broken hearted

Breath of fresh air

Breath down someone's nech

Breathe easy (easily) again

Breathe one's last

Born and bred

Bang one's head against a brick wall

Bricks and mortar

Burn one's bridges (behind one)

Burn one's bridges in front (of one)

Bright and early

Bright-eyed and busy-tailed

Bright idea

Bring down the curtain (on someone, something)

Bring home the bacon

Bring someone around

Bring someone (something) out in droves

Bring someone (something) up

Bring someone (something) up to date

Bring someone to

Bring someone up to date

Bring something about

Bring something crashing down

Bring something home to someone

Bring something off

Bring something to a head

Bring somthing to light

Bring the house down

Bring up the rear

Broad in the beam

Broad daylight

Be one's brother's keeper

By the sweat of one's brow

Bear the brunt

Brush up (on something)

Buck for something

Buck up

Buckle down

Bug out

Bugger off

Build a fire under someone

Build castles in Spain

Build castles in the air

Build someone (something) up

Build something to order

Build up to something

Bull in a china shop

Bite the bullet

Bump into someone

Bump someone off

Bundle of nerves

Burn oneself out

Burn out

Burn someone at thestake

Burn someone in effigy

Burn someone or something to a crips

Burn someone up

Burn the candle at both ends

Burn the midnight oil

Burn with a low blue flame

Burned to a cinder

Burned up

Burst at the seams

Burst in on someone

Burst into flames

Burst into tears

Burst out crying

Burst out laughing

Burst with joy

Bursting with pride

Bury one's head in the sand

Bury the hatchet

Beat about (around) the bush

Business as usual

Business endof something

Busman's holiday

Busta gut (doing something)

Busy as Grand Central Station

Bloody but unbowed

But for someone (something)

Butt in (on someone, something)

Butter someone up

Button one's lip

Buy a pig in a poke

Buy someone off

Buy something

Buy something for a song

Buy somethig on credit

Buy something to go

 


C

Call a meeting

Call a spade a spade

Call for something (someone)

Call it a day (a night)

Call it quits

Call of nature

Call someone down

Call someone names

Call someone on the carpet

Call someone or something in

Call someone (something) into question

Call someone (something) off

Call someone up

Call someone's bluff

Call off the dogs

Call the meeting to order

Call the shots

Call the tune

Close call

Cancel something out

Can't holda candle to someone (something)

Can't carry a tune

Can't do anything with someone (something)

Can't hold a candle to someone (something)

Can't make heads or tails (out) of someone (something)

Can't see beyond the end of one's nose

Can't see one'shand in front of one's face

Can't stand (the sight of) someone (something)

Can't stomach someone (something

Can't see the forest for the trees

Cap and gown

Could (n't) care less

Call someone onthe carpet

Can't carry a tune

Carried away

Carry (a lot of ) weight (with someone or something)

Carry a torch (for someone)

Carry coals to Newcastle

Carry on (about someoneor something)

Carry on somehow

Carry on (with someone, something)

Carry one's cross

Carry one's own weight

Carry over

Carry something off

Carry something out

Carry something over

Carry the ball

Carry the day

Carry the torch

Carry the torch (for someone)

Carry the weight of the world on one's shoulders

Carry through (on something)

Cash-and -carry

Carte blance

Case in point

Cash in (on something)

Cash in one's chips

Cash on the barrelhead

Cash or credit

Cash something in

Cold, hard cash

Cast about for someone (something)

Cast around for someone (something)

Cast doubt (on someone, something)

Cast in the same mold

Cast one's lot in with someone

Cast (one's) pearls before swine

Cast the first stone

Cat got your tongue?

Curiosity killed the cat

Catch-as-catch-can

Catchy cold

Catch forty winks

Catch hell

Catch it

Catch (on) fire

Catch on (to someone, something)

Catch one off one's guard

Catch one with one's pants down

Catch one' breath

Catch one's death (of cold)

Catch sight of someone or somethign

Catch some Z's

Catch someone in the act (of doing something)

Catch someone napping

Catch someone off-balance

Catch someone off guard

Catch someone red-handed

Catch someone's eye

Catch the devel

Catch up (with or to someone, something)

Caught in the act

Caught in a cross fire

Caught in the middle

Caught red-handed

Caught short

Cause a commotion

Cause a stir

Cause (some) eyebrows to aise

Cause (some) tongues to wage

 Cave in

Cease and desist

Chalk something up

Champ at the bit

Chance (upon) something (someone)

Change hands

Change horses in the middle of the stream

Change someone's mind

Change someone's tune

Change the subject

Chapter and verse

Charege someone (something) up

Charged up

Charge it

Charm the pants off (of) someone

Cheat on someone

Check in (on someone, something)

Check into (someone, something)

Check it out

Checks and balances

Cut (someone) a check

Cheek by jowl

Cheer someone up

Cheesed off

Chew someone out

Chew the fat

Chew the rag

Chick out (of something)

Count one's chickens before they hatch

Child's play

Chilled to the bone

Chime in (with someone, something)

Chink in one's armour

Cash in one's chips

Chip in (on something)

Chip in something on something

Chiup off the old block

Chip something in (on something)

Chips and dip

Choke someone up

Choke something off

Church and state

Come full circle

Clamp down on someone (something)

Clap eyes on someone (something)

Cut class

Clean as a whistle

Clean bill of health

Clean (something or someone) out

Clean up (on someone, something)

Clean up one's act

Come clean (with someone, something)

Clean slate

Crystal clear

Clear as a crystal

Clear as mud

Clear out

Clear sailing

Clear something (someone) up

Clear someone's name

Clear the air

Clear the decks

Clear the table

Clear up

Climb on the bandwagon

Climb the wall(s)

Clip someone's wings

Cloak and dagger

Close in (on someone, something)

Close one's eyes to something

Close ranks (behind someone, something, to someone, something)

Close something (someone) down

Close the books (on something, someone)

Close the door on someone (something)

Close to home

Close to someone

Close to ship

Closefisted (with money)

Come out of the closet

Cloud up

Clue someone in (on something)

Clut at straws

Carry coals to Newcastle

Coast-to-coast

(the) Coast is clear

Coat and tie

Cock-and-bull story

Cock of the walk

C.O.D

Coffee and Danish

Coffee-table

Coffee, tea or milk

Coffee Klatsch

Coffee break

Catch one's death (of cold)

Catch cold

Cold comfort

Cold, hard cash

Cold feet

Comethrough something with flying colors

Come a cropper

Come about

Come again?

Come and get it?

Come and gone

Come apart at the seams

Come (a) round

Come away empty-handed

Come by something

Come by something honestly

Come clean (with someone)

Come down

Come down hard on someone (something)

Dome down in the world

Come down to earth

Come down to something

Come from far and wide

Come fullcircle

Come hell or high water

Come home (to roost)

Come home to someone

Come in a body

Come in for something

Come in handy

Come in out of the rain

Come into one's (its) own

Come into something

Come of age

Come off

Come off it!

Come off second-best

Come on

Come on like gangbusters

Come on somehow

Come on to someone

Come on the scene

Comeout

Come out ahead

Come out behind

Come out for someone (something)

Comeoutin the wash

Come out of nowhere

Come out of right field

Come out of one's shell

Come out of the blue

Come out of the closet

Comeout with something

Come over

Come on over

Come someone's way

Comethrough

Come through something with flying colors

Come to

Come to a bad end

Come to a dead end

Come to a head

Come to a pretty pass

Come to a standstill

Come to an end

Come to an untimely end

Come to blows (over something)

Come to grief (over something)

Come to grips with something

Come to life

Come to light

Come tomind

Come to naught

Come to nothing

Come to one's senses

Come to pass

Come to rest

Come to terms (with something, someone)

Come to the fore

Come to the point

Come to the same thing

Come to think of it

Come true

Come unglued

Come up

Come up in the world

Come up smelling like roses

Come up with someone or something

Come what may

Come with the territory

Come within an ace (inch) of doing something

Cros a bridge before (when) one comes to it

Come true

Creature comforts

(as) Comfortable as an old shoe

Commit something to memory

Common cause

Cause a commontion

Confide in (to) someone (about something)

Conk out

Conniption fit

Clear (clean) conscience

Conspicuous by one's absence

Contradiciton in terms

Control the purse strings

Cook someone's goose

Cook something up

Cook the accounts

Cooking with gas

Cool as a cucumber

Cool down

Cool it!

Cool off

Cool one's heels

Cool someone down (off)

Cop a plea

Cop out

Cut corners

Cost a pretty penny

Cost an arm and a leg

Cough something up

Could do with someone (something)

Could (n't) care less

Count noses

Count on someone (something)

Count one's chickens before they hatch

Count someone in (on something)

Count someone out (of something)

Cover a lot of ground

Cover for someone

Cover up someone's tracks

Cover something up

Cover (the) territory

Cover the waterfront

Coze up (to someone, something)

Crack a book

Crack a joke

Crack a smile

Crack down (on someone, something)

Crack open a bottle

Crack someone (something) up

Crack up

Cramp someone's style

Crank something out

Crashing down (around someone)

Crash and burn

Crazy as a loon

Crazy about someone (something)

Cream of the crop

Create a scene

Create a stink (about something)

Create an uproar

Creature comforts

Cry crocodile tears

Come a cropper

Carry one's cross

Cross a birdge before (when) one comes to it

Cross-examine someone

Cross one's fingers

Cross one's heart (and hope to die)

Cross something (someone) iup

Cross someone's mind

Cross someone's palm with silver

Cross swords (with someone) (on something)

Cross the Rubicon

Cross-purposes

Crushed by something

Crux of the mater

Cry beforeone is hurt

Cry bloody murder

Cry one'seye's out

Cry over spilled milk

Cry wolf

Crying need for someone (something)

Crying shame

Cue someone in

Curl someone's hair

Curl up and die

Curry favor (with someone)

(it's) Curtains on (for) (someone, something)

Cut a big (wide) swath

Cut a fine figure

Cut above someone (something)

Cut across something

Cut-and-dry (dried)

Cut and past

Cut and run

Cut back (on something)

Cut both ways

Cut class

Cut corners

Cut loose (from, with someone, something)

Cut off

Cut off one's nose to spite one's face

Cut one's eyeteeth on something

Cut one's losses

Cut one's (own) throat

Cut out (of somewhere)

Cut it out!

Cut out for something

Cut out the deadwood

Cut out to be something

Cut (someone) a check

Cut someone dead

Cut someone down (to size_

Cut someone in (on something)

Cut someone out (of something)

Cut someone off (without a penny)

Cut someone (something) to the bone

Cut someone (something) up

Cut someone to the quick

Cut teeth

Cut the the ground out from someone

Cut up

 


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Blanket Copyright, Hugh M. Lewis, © 2005. Use of this text governed by fair use policy--permission to make copies of this text is granted for purposes of research and non-profit instruction only.

Last Updated: 03/14/05